2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解Part IWriting结构框图：◇！第1段引出话题：出国留学绝不轻松，你会遇到各种意想不到的困难和挫折。The Challenges of第2段具体阐述挑战：文化冲击是最大的挑战；语言障碍可能是部分留学生Studying Abroad的梦：诸多学业要求可能会压垮你。第3段给出建议，提出展望：尽管挑战重重，但只要你努力、坚持、忍耐，你终将熬过黑暗岁月，迎来光明的前途。范文点评：参考范文精彩点评The Challenges of Studying Abroad[1I As is universally acknowledged,it is never easy to study【1】开门见山，引出话题：出国留学绝非abroad [2]since you could come across a list of difficulties and易事。setbacks you cannot imagine before going abroad.【2】解释原因，点明主题：你会遇到各种[31 First of all,the top challenge is the culture shock,which想象不到的困难和挫折。第一段使means you cannot adapt to the exotic life during the first few days用一个复杂句完成表达，一气呵成。or even months.[4]Secondly,the language barrier could be a【3】【4】【5】使用First of all、Secondlynightmare for many international students who possess poor和Last but not least引出三个挑战，mastery of the official language of the country where they are层次分明。每一个层次都采用复合studying.5]Last but not least,the academic requirements could句，彰显较高的写作能力。overwhelm you if you are not well-prepared.Long reference booklists,numerous projects,papers and professors with varyingcharacter traits could rack your brains.[6]Despite all these terrifying challenges,you will finally【6】欲扬先抑，提出建议和展望，展现积manage to come through this "dark age"with your hard work,极的人生态度。persistence and endurance.And then a bright future will beawaiting you.话题词汇：taboo禁忌scholarship奖学金diversity多样性school dormitory学校宿舍landlord房东cultural difference文化差异laundry洗衣店get accustomed to.,习惯于…四级2018年12月真题（二）1Part IListening ComprehensionSection AQuestions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.(1)Rescue crews pulled a man to safety after a collapse at a construction site in Brooklyn on Tuesday.Theincident happened on the 400 block of Rutland Road just after 12:30 p.m.The Fire Department of New Yorksays the vacant 100-year-old building being pulled down partially collapsed.A man described as a "non-workercivilian"was buried up to his waist in the basement.(2)The man was collecting building materials when thefirst floor collapsed underneath him.He was trapped under a beam about 10 feet below the surface for nearlyan hour and a half.The man was then taken to hospital.Officials said he is in stable condition with non-life-threatening injuries.The building was reportedly purchased by a neighboring church in 2011.It was the site ofa 2006 fire and has remained vacant ever since.答案详解1.What happened at a construction site in Brooklyn2.What does the report say about the "non-workeron Tuesday?civilian"?A)【精析】事实细节题。新闻开头提到，星期二，布鲁C)【精析】事实细节题。新闻中提到，一楼开始坍塌克林一个建筑工地发生坍塌事故后，救援人员将一时，这位男士正在收集建筑材料。名男子救出安全地带。Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Millions of people are struggling to understand their paychecks or calculate money in shops,campaignershave said.(3)Being bad at maths should no longer be seen as a badge of honor or down to genetics,accordingto National Numeracy,a new organization which aims to challenge the nation's negative view of the subject.Chris Humphries,chairman of the group,said that poor maths skills can affect an individual's life,leavingthem at a higher risk of being excluded from school,or out of work."Figures from a government survey,published last year,show that 17 million adults in England have basic maths skills that are,at best,the same asan 11-year-old,"he said.Speaking at the launch of National Numeracy,Mr.Humphries said,"That's a scaryfigure,because what it means is they often can't calculate or give change."Mike Ellicock,chief executive ofNational Numeracy,said,"We want to challenge this 'I can't do maths'attitude that is prevalent in the UK,"adding that (4)it was vital that all primary school teachers understand key maths concepts,as young childrenwho fail to learn the basics will suffer later on.配套听力原文译文联系VX:KZRZ2019答案详解3.What does the organization National Numeracy战国民对数学科目的消极看法。aim to do?4.What is vital according to the chief executive ofB)【精析】目的原因题。新闻中提到，英国国家数学National Numeracy?能力中心(National Numeracy).表示不能再把数学D)【精析】细节辨认题。新闻最后提到，英国国家数不好看作一件光荣的事，或者将其归结为遗传问学能力中心的行政长官表示，所有小学老师都理解题。英国国家数学能力中心是一个新机构，旨在挑关键的数学概念，这一点至关重要。Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.(5)The Dutch king has revealed that for more than two decades,he has held down a part-time second jobalongside his royal duties.King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands said that he recently ended his role as a四级2018年12月真题（二）2regular "guest pilot"after 21 years with the national airline's fleet of now-outdated aircraft.As a guest flier,the king worked about twice a month,always as co-pilot.He will now retrain to fly the bigger Boeing 737s asthe old planes are being phased out of service.The 50-year-old father of three and king to 17 million Dutchcitizens calls flying a "hobby."(6)It lets him leave his royal duties on the ground and fully focus on somethingelse."You have an aircraft,passengers and crew.You have responsibility for them,"the king said.(6)"Youcan't take your problems from the ground into the skies.You can completely change focus and concentrate onsomething else.That,for me,is the most relaxing part of flying."(7)Willem-Alexander said he is rarelyrecognised by passengers.Very few people pay attention to him as he walks through the airport in his airlineuniform and cap.答案详解5.What does the report say about the Dutch king?另一件事。你可以完全改变注意力，专注于其他D)【精析】细节辨认题。新闻开头提到，荷兰国王透事情，这对他来说是飞行最令人放松的部分。也露说，他20多年来除了履行自己的王室职责之外，就是说，他喜欢飞行是因为他可以转移注意力，还一直从事着一份兼职。得以放松。6.Why does the king say he likes flying?7.What does the king say about passengers at theB)【精析】目的原因题。新闻中提到，这位拥有3airport?个孩子和1,700万子民的50岁的国王视飞行为C)【精析】细节辨认题。新闻最后提到，荷兰国王威爱好，飞行使他将王职留在地面上，全身心投入廉-亚历山大说，很少有乘客能认出他。Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M:Morning,Miss Semenov.Welcome to our studio.W:Thanks.My pleasure.M:OK then.Let me start by asking you how old your company is.W:My grandparents started the company in 1955.M:Why did they decide to open a furniture plant in Bucharest?W:(8)At that time there was a construction boom.There was a great need for furniture and my grandparentssaw a business opportunity.(9)Their aim was to provide quality yet affordable wooden furniture.And thisgoal has never changed.M:Do you still only work with wood?W:That's right.It's what we know and what we do best.If we started trying different materials,our qualitywould probably suffer.M:And all the wood is local?W:Correct.(10)A hundred percent of our raw material comes from Romania.M:Could you please outline how the company has grown over time?What have been the main challenges andopportunities that you have faced?W:Well,back in the '50s and'60s,Romania was a lot poorer than it is today.My grandfather and father didnot have much capital,and our customers didn't have much money either.So that limited growth.(11)Thebig change was in 2007 when Romania joined the European Union.Suddenly,our market exploded in sizeand we could now sell our products all across the continent.There was also more financial investment.And,as a result,we went from having 20 employees to 200.四级2018年12月真题（二）3