初2008年12月大学英语四级考试试题解析Part I Writing*解题思路1.审解题目：本文为问题解决类作文。首先提出一种社会现象：然后对这一现象所带来的问题进行分析和阐述：最后对解决这一问题的方法进行论述：赞成或反对。2.写作步骤：本文为提纲式作文，写作应按照试卷上给出的汉语提纲进行，分三段将所涉及内容论述清楚：第一段：引出一次性塑料袋在人们生活中广泛使用的现象：第二段：列举使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题：第三段：对限制使用一次性塑料袋这一政策阐述自己的观点：可以支持以上观点，并进行总结强调：也可以否定以上观点，并提出反对理由。范文：Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic BagsPlastic bags have been an indispensable part of our daily life for many years.But recentlythe problems of using disposable plastic bags have been brought into people's concern.Although plastic bags have brought great convince to people,it has also caused a lot ofproblems.First of all,the use of disposable plastic bags causes great harm to our environment.Asthese bags can not be discomposed,they pollute the field and water.Besides,plastic bags do harmto people's health as well,because they are made of chemical materials which may contaminateour food.What's more,the over use of plastic bags is also a kind of waste of resources.Therefore,limiting the use of disposable plastic bags is of great significance.This policy notonly enhances people's awareness of environmental protection,but also reduce the waste ofresources.In short,we should do our best to limit the use of plastic bags for ourselves and for thenext generation.经典句式：1.Recently,the problem of...has become the focus of the public concern.2.It is important to point out that...3.On one hand,....On the other hand,...4.Obviously,if we don't control the problem,the chances are that...5.First of all,....Besides,....What's more,...6....is of great significance.7.It is high time that we put an end to...Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)*解题思路1.【答案】A【解析】本题的定位信息是Stella Bianchi,答案来自第三段第一句Stella says,“I thoughtshe was coming over to apologize,but instead she started shouting at me for 'disciplining herchild.意思是：Stella说：“我原以为她是过来是要道歉的，但是相反由于我“教育她的孩子”，她却冲我大喊大叫。discipline“训导”题干问：当Stella Bianchi与小男孩说话时，她期待男孩的妈妈做什么？因此A选项“道款”是正确答案。2.【答案】D【解析】本题的定位信息是dealing wit油other people's children,答案来自第四段第二句Dealing with other people's children has become a minefield.意思是：教育别人的小孩称得上是一个“雷区”，minefield意为“雷区”，引申为比较难处理的问题。所以此句的意思是：教育别人家的小孩会有非常之多的麻烦。题干问：关于教育别人家的小孩的问题作者说了什么？因此D选项“这个可能会使某一个人碰到很多的麻烦”是正确答案。3.【答案】B【解析】本题的定位信息是Naomi White of Monash University,答案来自第七段最后一We see our children as an extension of ourselves,so if you're saying that my child is behavinginappropriately,,then that''s somehow a criticism of me..意思是：家长认为孩子是自己生命的延续，所以说如果你要是批评孩子行为不当，家长就会认为，你是在批评他本人。题干问：根据Monash University的Naomi White教授所说，当孩子受到批评时，他们的父母可能感觉会怎样？因此B选项“受到伤害”是正确选项。4.【答案】A【解析】本题的定位信息是Andrew Fuller,答案来自第九段第一句“I'd go to the childfirst,”says Andrew Fuller..意思是：Andrew Fuller说“我首先会直接找孩子”。题干问：根据Andrew Fuller所说，看到别人家小孩的不良行为，人们应该怎么做？因此A选项“直接找小孩谈”是正确选项。5.【答案】B【解析】本题的定位信息是the child--centric nature of our society,.答案来自第十四段第二句和第十五和十六段第一句Physical punishment,once accepted from any adult,.is no longerappropriate....For Andrew Fuller,the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone...He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy(礼貌).意思是：体罚，曾经被接受，但现在已经不再合适了..Andrew Fuller认为以孩子为中心的社会本质己经影响了所有的人.他把这看成是缺少公共道德和礼貌的。题干问：由于社会本质是以孩子为中心，所以会出现什么情况？因此B选项“在大庭广众之下来批评孩子是不应该的”是正确选项。6.【答案】B【解析】本题的定位信息是overwork and lack of sleep,答案来自第十七段A code ofconduct is hard to create when you're living in a world in which everyone is exhausted fromoverwork and lack of sleep.意思是：在一个由于超时工作和缺乏睡眠而使人精疲力尽的社会中.，行为准则是很难建立的。题干问：在一个由于超时工作和缺乏睡眠而使人精疲力尽的社会中，会出现什么情况？因此B选项“关于这种行为准则是比较难以创建的”是正确选项。7.【答案】D【解析】本题的定位信息是got into trouble,答案来自第十八段The days when a kid camehome from school and said,"I got into trouble'”,and dad said,“you probably deserved it”.意思是：当这个小孩过去回到家里说“碰到了问题”，爸爸可能会说“你活该”。题干问：以前当孩子们在学校碰到问题的时候，人们会做出怎样的回应？因此D选项“他们会责备他们自己的孩子”是正确选项。8.【答案】challenged【解析】本题的定位信息是notions of a more child-centered society,答案来自倒数第五段s第一句White believes our notions of a more child-centered society should be challenged..意思是：怀特教授认为以孩子们为中心的这种想法应该受到质疑。题干问：怀特教授认为以孩子们为中心的社会这种想法应该被怎样？过去分词challenged是正确答案。9.【答案】be proud of【解析】本题的定位信息是professor White,答案来自倒数第四段最后一句We treatthem as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of...意思是：我们把孩子们看成是一样东西一一样无论是外表还是所取得的成就都是我们为之骄傲的东西。题干问：根据怀特教授所说，现在家长们对待孩子，就好象孩子是什么呢？短语be proudof是正确答案。l0.【答案】stay silent【解析】本题的定位信息是Andrew Fuller,答案来自最后第一段最后第一句Herecommends that we don't stay silent over inappropriate behavior,particularly with regularvisitors.意思是：他建议我们不应该对一些不当行为保持沉默，尤其是对那些常犯的错误，更应如此。题干问：教授建议当孩子们表现不好时，我们也不应该怎样？动词短语stay silent是正确答案。Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A*解题思路11.M:I just received an email from one of my former classmates.I was surprised,I hadn't heardfrom him for ages.W:Well,I've been out of touch with most of my old friends,only one or two drop me a lineoccasionally.Q:What does the woman mean?【答案】D【解析】该题选项C,D都是讲she和老朋友的联系情况，但意思相反，所以其一很可能为正确答案。对话中女士说道've been out of touch(失去联系)with most of my old friend,.onlyone or two drop me a line(写封短信)occasionally(偶尔)。由此可推断该女士has lost contact(联系)with most of her old friends。故答案为D。12.M:If you can make up your mind about the color,I can start on the outside of your house earlynext week.W:Well,right now I think I want white for the window frames and yellow for the walls.ButI'll let you know tomorrow.Q:Who was the woman talking to?【答案】A【解析】选项表明，该题考查的是职业，而且都是维修或者装修方面的，所以听音时要注意识别关键词.对话中提到的color,white for the window,yellow for the walls都表明和女士谈话的是要给她刷油漆的工人，故答案为A。make up one's mind意为“下决心，决定”。13.W:Excuse me,do you have any apartments available for under 500 dollars a month?I need tomove in next week when my new job starts.M:The only vacant one I have is 600 dollars.Have you inquired the apartment complex downthe street?Q:What does the man suggest the woman do?【答案】C【解析】选项表明，该题很可能考查的是某人找房子，租房子的事情。对话中女士想租一间每月房租低于500美元的房子，但男士说目前只有一间600美元的房子可以出租，他建议女